1. Natural supplies of environment of The Gmina Iława

 

a)   Afforestation.

 

Big forest complex spreads over the almost whole Northern and South part of  The Gmina of Iława. Forests cover 41,5 % of The Gmina of Iława area. Therefore, the woodiness of terrains is high.  Main forest complex is the part of great forest massif called with  “Lasy Iławskie” ( 20, 000 h) . Boric types and mixed fertile “fresh” forest type predominate here. Also less fertile “fresh” forest spreads richly. Moist habitations and bogs predominate north - from The Lake Karaś (large surfaces). Pines, oaks, beeches, alders and  birchs are the basic components of forests on terrain of The Gmina of Iława. The large surfaces of woods received the status of protective forest areas (game, water and vegetation).

 

b)   Lakes and rivers.

 

Water covers 7, 1 %  of The Gmina of Iława area. . On the area of The Gmina of Iława three rivers meet together: the River “Drwęca” merges with the River “Iławka” in the eastern and central part of The Gmina of Iława and The River “Osa” merges with the River “Liwa” (north – west part of The Gmina of Iława). There are on the Gmina of Iława area 75 lakes of more than 1 ha.  The biggest of them is Lake Jeziorak (the longest lake in Poland – covers the distance of 27,5 km). Lake Jezioreak with Lake “Płaskie” and islands create big Lake Formation – 4, 149 ha. Jeziorak is the sixth biggest lake in the country – 32, 3 km 2, its average width – 1,2 km,  maximum depth – 12,0 m. The lake has a well developed shoreline with numerous peninsulas, inlets and bays. Most of the lakes and rivers on The Gmina of Iława area have a post – glacial origin.

 

 Parametres of some lakes:

 

 

Lake	Size of lake surface [ha]	Depth max [m.]
Merger  of  rivers “Drwęca” and “Iławka”
Jeziorak	3459,9	12,0
Łabędź	309,4	10,5
Iławskie	154,5	2,8
Tynwałd	30,2	2,0
Urowiec	26,1	31,8
Kałdunek Duży	24,7	8,3
Kałduny Duże	23,3	2,7
Łąckie (Łąka)	23,1	20,0
Czerwone	21,2	3,0
Kałdunek Mały	9,3	5,1
Gultynek Duży	18,8	3,0
Gultynek Mały	5,6	2,0
Zgniłek	5,2	10,0
Merger of river ”Osa”
Karaś	423,3	2,8
Szymbarskie	165,2	25,1
Gardzień	85,6	2,0
Silm	58,9	3,7
Kolmowo	43,4	5,7
Stęgwica	37,5	4,0
Osa	20,7	2,0
Ząbrowo	16,2	1,0
Perkun	11,4	23,0
Merger of river ”Liwa”
Głębokie (near to Lake  “Czerwica”	9,4	3,0
Piotrkowskie	78,1	6,0

 

c)    Underground water.

 

The Gmina of Iława is said to have very good hydrogeological conditions. The conditions of supply in underground water are really profitable. "The Report of Hydrogeological Conditions of Main Underground Water Reservoirs signed with the numbers 209 - Karnicki,  210 - Iławski, 211 – Samborowski” was conducted in 1996. The Report was validated and confirmed with the decision of Minister of Conservation, Nature Reserves and Forestry (25 June 1988). The borders, appointed in Report, surround the large part of the Gmina of Iława areas (except for south – east part of The Gmina of Iława and its northern fragment). Waters of class I C predominate on the Gmina of Iława area. Going beyond over norm, content of iron and manganese and also the dimness are typical for water in the Gmina of Iława region. These defects are neutralized in  capacitating process. The high content of natural-origin ammonia is also characteristic feature of these waters. The presence of anthropogenic origin dirts was not affirmed in waters of reservoir No. 210.

 

 

d) Nature reserves.

“The Drwęca River” – a water sanctuary with an area of 1287, 48 ha, including the Drweca River from its springs to its estuary, together with the following tributaries: Grabieżka, Dylewka, Pobórska Struga, Gizela, Iławka, Elsza, wel, Rypienica and Ruziec as well as Lake Ostrowin and Lake Drwęckie. The sanctuary has been set up to protect the water environment and its inhabitants, such as trouts, salmons, bulltrouts and vimbas.

 

“Lake Karaś” -  a wildlife sanctuary with an area of 815,88 ha. The lake, together with the surrounding marshlands is a breeding ground for over 80 species of water fowl, especially for mute swan, the crane and the greylag geese. Moreover, there are many speciesof wild duck, such as the rare shoveller and the gadwall.

 

“Lake Jasne” -  a landscape park with an area of 106, 3 ha, set up in 1988, including Lake Jasne and Lake Luba, as well as peat bog complex surrounded by old trees. Lake Jasne is knownfor its very clean water ( transparent up to 15 metres in depth). The woods consist of pines, oaks, beeches and white birches.

 

“Lake Czerwica” -  a wildlife sanctuary with an area of 53,87 ha, set up in 1957 to protect the colones of black cormorant and grey heron. The reserve includes such species of trees as the English oak, the beech, the pine and the spruce.

 

“Lake Gaudy” -   an animals reserve, has been created to protect the hatcheries and the habitants of the water and mud – wading fowl, as well as interesting colonies of peat bog plants.

 

 

e) Maps of Gmina:

·      General map of Gmina Iława.

·      Map of roads.

·      Map of population.

·      Energetistic map.

 

 

2. Demographic structure

 

Lodgement resort

 

In 1997 year  the supply of  the Gmina of Iława population in flats  accounted for 2405 flats. In   comparison with the datas from 1994 year the number of apartments growed up only just 1,4 %. Datas about housing supplies, introduced in following schedule concern the buildings of society building and places of employment - municipal and private.

 

State in the day: December 31  

 

Inhabited housing supplies

Specification	Inhabited housing supplies
	flats		municipal flats	Number of persons in one flat	average usable surface in m2
	totality	on 1000 inhabitants
					For 1 person	In one flat
voivodeship 1994	213922	278,1	46220	3,49	16,7	58,4
1996	216691	280,0	.	3,47	16,9	58,6
1997	218808	282,0	33768	3,44	17,1	58,7
The parish gminas 1994	59160	255,4	4518	3,89	16,7	65,0
1996	59228		.	3,9	16,7	65,2
1997	58051	255,3	3789	3,89	16,8	65,4
The Gmina of Iława 1994	2372	217,7	22	4.58	16	73.3
1996	2389		.	4,63	15,9	73,6
1997	2405	215	49	4.64	15.9	73.9

Source: “The Gminas of warmińsko – mazurskie voivodeship: office territorial council of 1994-1998”,  The Statistical Report of warmińsko – mazurskie voivodeship 1997, 1998

flats having been given to use in 1996 and 1997 year

 

            As we can see from above mentioned datas, the Gmina of Iława belonges to the group of Gminas with the low number of flats on 1000 population (in 1997 year -  215 apartments in the Gmina of Iława; whereas, average number in Gminas of Poland  was 255,3 and in other Gminas of warmińsko – mazurskie voivodeship - 282 apartments.

flats having been intended to use

Specification	flats having been intended to use
	totality	for 1000 inhabitants	average usable surface in m2
Voivodeship 1996	1502	1,9	69,5
1997	2222	2,9	71,3
parish gminas 1996	96	0,4	123,8
1997	174	0,8	124,5
The Gmina of Iława 1996	10	0,9	108,8
1997	16	1,4	114

 

Source: The Statistical Report of warmińsko – mazurskie voivodeship 1997, 1998

 

            In 1997 year only just 16 flats have been intended to use. Despite this, the number of new flats increased  about   6   in comparison with 1996 year. From 1994  - 1996 the insignificant growth of pace of development in building can be observed  in the Gmina of Iława. Obviously, state and   pace of development of building will depend on initiatives and  inhabitant’s financial situation.

 

Places of pre-school education

            There are 16 pre-school squads at 16 elementary schools in the Gmina of Iława (lack of  kindergardens for children younger than 6). In 1999, 233 children were embraced with pre-school education. In 1999 the number of children in pre – school squads decreased in comparison with the datas from 1994. Unfortunately, the number of teachers decreased up by 23 percent. In 1999, 15 children felt on one teacher.